« Yeah Baby | Main | Coffee Snorters: Your Morning Dose Of Zen Edition »
October 26, 2006
The Courts, Shakespeare, And That Slippery, Slippery Slope
You can call it what you want
But it's lyin just the same
There's no mercy in these ashes, baby
When your love's a cryin shameAnd they're howlin in moonlight, baby
They're here to call my bluff
They're wonderin if there'll ever come a day
When I'll have finally had enoughI'm callin on the Furies, to let the toast begin
Roasting on that spit of love again
Another grey morning in western Maryland...
Wait. That was yesterday's post and the damned dog has dived under my desk, which just shows the pointlessness of negotiating with faithless allies. Worthless traitor. Looking at yesterday's gay marriage decision from the NJ Supreme Court, the half vast editorial staff found itself thinking, for some reason, of mixed wine and the balcony scene from Romeo and Juliet:
'Tis but thy name that is my enemy;--
Thou art thyself, though not a Montague.
What's Montague? It is nor hand, nor foot,
Nor arm, nor face, nor any other part
Belonging to a man. O, be some other name!
What's in a name? that which we call a rose
By any other name would smell as sweet;
So Romeo would, were he not Romeo call'd,
Retain that dear perfection which he owes
Without that title:--Romeo, doff thy name;
And for that name, which is no part of thee,
Take all myself.
And so, as Dahlia Lithwick explains (though the title of her article - The New Jersey gay marriage decision ain't activism - doth seem to undercut her thesis just a tad; oh dear: is her Freudian slip showing?), what the NJ Supreme Court did was not, repeat, not judicial activism because you see, the old dears did not call it 'marriage':
...there is nothing "activist" about this decision. The court could have gone much further; indeed the three dissenters would have done so. The New Jersey court, unlike it's counterpart in Massachusetts, punted the really crucial decision—about whether to call this new thing "marriage" or something different—over to the legislature.Whatever the court actually did today in New Jersey, you can't call it activism. Yes, the court directed the legislature to do something to balance the inequities between heterosexual families and homosexual ones. But it offered plenty of space for the legislature to maneuver as it sees fit: "[T]he Legislature must either amend the marriage statutes to include same-sex couples or create a parallel statutory structure, which will provide for, on equal terms, the rights and benefits enjoyed and burdens and obligations borne by married couples." It's for the electorate, not the courts, to determine what that legal regime will become. Moreover, the court "will not presume that a separate statutory scheme, which uses a title other than marriage, contravenes equal protection principles, so long as the rights and benefits of civil marriage are made equally available to same-sex couples."
The future battle is not over the bundle of rights and obligations granted to same sex couples. The court finds no rational reason to deny them. The only fight—to be duked out in the legislature—is what to call the thing.
Apparently only reich wing radicals of the most unreasonable sort would discern activist law-making in the Court's move to helpfully outline for the legislature the substance of any future laws governing same-sex unions while generously leaving the essential matter of nomenclature up to the people's elected representatives. In other words, the Court's newest edition of Legislating for Dummies read, "We don't care how you do it or even what you call it, but it had better look like this when you're done."
Glad we got that...err... straight.
Of course, another thing that was 'straightened' up by yesterday's decision was that in making the existence of such laws a central point in its reasoning, the Court laid to rest the argument that legislation which opens doors previously shut for gays and lesbians does indeed create a slippery slope which removes potential bars to more expansive legal challenges:
...this decision, whether you like it or not, seems to be an illustration that the slippery slope is a real phenomenon. Even when there are conceptually quite clear distinctions that could be used to distinguish the first step A from the final step B, A may nonetheless help bring B about.Consider how the decision relies on the enactment of past gay rights laws. The backers of such laws often argue that these laws do not create a slippery slope towards same-sex marriage or civil unions. Thus, for instance, an editorial in the Boston Globe, Oct. 15, 1989, at A30, said "[A proposed antidiscrimination law barring sexual orientation discrimination in credit, employment, insurance, public accommodation and housing] does not legalize 'gay marriage' or confer any right on homosexual, lesbian or unmarried heterosexual couples to 'domestic benefits.' Nor does passage of the bill put Massachusetts on a 'slippery slope' toward such rights." See also Phil Pitchford, Council Members Wary of Partner Registry, Riverside Press-Enterprise, Apr. 30, 1994, at B1, quoting Riverside Human Relations Commission member Kay Smith as saying that "[t]hose that truly have a problem with homosexuality will see [a domestic partnership proposal] as part of the 'slippery slope' [toward gay marriages] . . . . But, this legislation needs to be looked at on the face value of what it is, and it really does very little." And see the Editorial, A Vote Against Hate, Louisville Courier-J., Feb. 3, 1994, at 6A, rejecting as "arrant nonsense" the claim that a hate crime law "would lead to acceptance of gay marriages."
Yet the New Jersey Supreme Court's equal protection argument begins by citing such non-same-sex-marriage, non-civil-union gay rights laws (citations omitted):
In addressing plaintiffs’ claimed interest in equality of treatment, we begin with a retrospective look at the evolving expansion of rights to gays and lesbians in this State. Today, in New Jersey, it is just as unlawful to discriminate against individuals on the basis of sexual orientation as it is to discriminate against them on the basis of race, national origin, age, or sex. Over the last three decades, through judicial decisions and comprehensive legislative enactments, this State, step by step, has protected gay and lesbian individuals from discrimination on account of their sexual orientation.
Though this is undoubtedly true, we non-lawyer types can't help but wonder what all this has to do with Constitutional interpretation (to the non-legally trained, what a naive layperson might have been tempted to think was the matter before the Court's consideration). We are reminded of a rather pithy, or was it pissy, quote from Judge Posner from our post on the judiciary:
It is natural to think that constitutional rights are rights stated in the text of the Constitution of the United States. But it is wrong, not completely but in an important sense. Constitutional rights are created mainly by the Supreme Court of the United States by "interpretation" of the constitutional text. I put the word in scare quotes because the line between judicial interpretation and judicial creation is frequently - particularly in the case of American constitutional law - fine to the point of invisibility.
This would appear to be a case where the NJ Supreme Court is engaging in rights creation, not on the basis of anything contained in the Constitution of the state of New Jersey, but (by its own admission) on the basis of some evolving standard of public opinion based on a combination of judicial opinions and state legislation; all of which is fine, but that is a far cry from concluding that the Constitution of the state of New Jersey prohibits disparate treatment of heterosexual and homosexual couples who wish to enjoy the benefits of marriage. Furthermore, as Howard Bashman commented so presciently in 2002, this kind of judicial tinkering can have unintended consequences far in excess of the potential benefits, not the least of which is that it creates and empowers single issue voters and polarizes the electorate:
When a controversial right the public supports is "constitutionalized" without any clear basis in the document's text, the majority can end up being harmed more than helped.Take, for example, abortion. In 1973, the Supreme Court recognized a limited federal constitutional right to abortion services, just as many states were already in the process of discarding the most opprobrious of the abortion restrictions then in existence. The Supreme Court pre-empted the battle over abortion from being resolved by the elected branches of government, although the public's majority support for abortion rights would have produced essentially the same legal landscape we have today.
Instead, constitutionalizing the right to abortion has caused a national trend to become a national lightning rod. Those passionately opposed to abortion have banded together to concentrate as much support as possible in favor of anti-abortion candidates for public office. And it has produced results. Various state legislatures have enacted abortion restrictions (most of which the courts have struck down) in the years since Roe v. Wade, and during that same period more occupants of the White House have been pro-life than pro-choice.
The poll numbers back up this hypothesis. The Gallup Organization earlier this year published an in-depth analysis of the public's views on abortion. Gallup's polling confirmed the majority's preference for abortion rights. Yet the results also showed that, in the 2000 general election, those for whom abortion, pro or con, was one of the single most important issues favored George W. Bush by a 17 percent margin. According to Gallup's analysis, the bottom line impact of these single-issue voters in the 2000 presidential election was a net abortion vote of +2.4 percent in favor of Bush. In an election as close as Bush versus Gore, Roe v. Wade may have determined the presidency.
Why do abortion opponents hold more sway at the polls than the majority which supports abortion rights? Once the right to abortion became constitutionalized, supporters of that right could afford to base their votes on other issues. Opponents continue to vote on this single issue. Removing the right to abortion from the legislative process has thus made anti-abortion activists more politically powerful than they otherwise would have been had abortion rights been up for grabs each time citizens trekked to the voting booth.
Yet if the Supreme Court, following a change in membership, were to overrule Roe v. Wade, the politically powerful anti-abortion minority could produce several years during which the abortion laws of the United States are more restrictive than the national majority prefers. And if that happens, Roe v. Wade will be correctly seen as responsible for the majority's lack of political influence on the abortion issue.
Allowing the Constitution's meaning to be determined by public opinion polls not only devalues that historical document, but it also ends up undermining the majority's preferences by allowing a vehemently opposed minority to become much more influential than it would otherwise be. Recent history has shown just how tempting it can be to constitutionalize the public's preferences. Instead of celebrating that result, both the Supreme Court and the public should recognize that it is in the majority's own interest to reject constitutional adjudication by opinion poll in favor of pursuing change through the political process. After all, it is the legislative process—and not the courts—which exists to serve the majority's wants and needs.
We've come full circle, it seems. The editorial staff's cluttered mind seems to be full of quotes this morning. Or perhaps it is only full of memories. Once we've fallen down that slippery slope, there is no going back, is there?
Much of the Court's opinion is devoted to deprecating the closed mindedness of our forebears with regard to women's education, and even with regard to the treatment of women in areas that have nothing to do with education. Closed minded they were--as every age is, including our own, with regard to matters it cannot guess, because it simply does not consider them debatable. The virtue of a democratic system with a First Amendment is that it readily enables the people, over time, to be persuaded that what they took for granted is not so, and to change their laws accordingly. That system is destroyed if the smug assurances of each age are removed from the democratic process and written into the Constitution. So to counterbalance the Court's criticism of our ancestors, let me say a word in their praise: they left us free to change. The same cannot be said of this most illiberal Court, which has embarked on a course of inscribing one after another of the current preferences of the society (and in some cases only the counter majoritarian preferences of the society's law trained elite) into our Basic Law.
How did winter get here so fast? It seems like only yesterday that it was summer.
Posted by Cassandra at October 26, 2006 05:33 AM
Comments
"Glad we got that...err... straight."
Things like that are why I luv ya. If you were a guy, and I was gay, and we were in New Jersey...but none of that.
Posted by: camojack at October 26, 2006 10:55 AM
Sorry camo ... I'm going to marry Deb and we're going to sail away into the sunset on her wonderful sailboat :D
Except she's probably got ladies lined up halfway across Florida... heh.
So maybe I will just sail away.
Posted by: Between the Devil And the Deep Blue Sea at October 26, 2006 11:27 AM
There's a simple solution to this - altho not for persons who wish to inflict their particular religious preferences on ALL OTHER PEOPLE in the country.
How's this:
Make a "civil union" available from the State to all couples. Essentially, it's just a legal contract between 2 parties. [In truth - anyone who wants to be in a civil union could draft an agreement and a couple of Durable Powers of Attorney - and endow his/her partner with all of the rights attainable in civil union/marriage except perhaps health insurance).
So - make "civil union" available to all couples - how is that skin off your nose?
Then, allow each religious denomination to perform the sacrament of marriage according to the rules of their church. That is - if Catholics don't want to perform a sacrament for gay couples - then don't. If the Unitarians want to perform marriages for gays - let them.
Maintain the separation of church and state - and allow churches to decide who qualifies for their sacrament.
How is that a problem?
Posted by: robert lewis at October 26, 2006 01:20 PM
no the question is why don't you look at the new jersey constitution which says everbody needs to be treated equally...if you come up with a law that violates that constitution then that law goes away....how dumb do you have to be to understand that there is a law on the book that supersedes your bigotted law.
Marriage is within the church...nobody said the child molesters at st assholius needs to start performing services...the law says the state needs to give gay people the same rights they give straights.
Posted by: madmatt at October 26, 2006 01:26 PM
Actually that is what I favor: civil unions.
I don't have a problem with anyone, in any state, doing whatever the heck they want to. I just want to see this go through the democratic process rather than being imposed by judicial fiat. I truly believe that it is more harmful in the long run to ram this down people's throats, so to speak, than to allow the natural process that is taking place, even if it is painfully slow, to persuade people of what is so right.
This is what law is in a democratic republic: a social contract, and in an increasingly heterogenous society we cannot continue to force divisive issues to a head by circumventing our own
laws, which say that only those rights explicitly granted in the Constitution flow from that document and all others are to be decided by the people, not any smaller body of unelected men and women, no matter how wise and learned.
Posted by: Between the Devil And the Deep Blue Sea at October 26, 2006 01:49 PM
And madmatt, the NY Constitution is silent on the question of marriage, so it most emphatically does *not* say that 'everyone needs to be treated equally'.
That is the point. There are Constitutional issues and issues which properly lie within the purview of the legislature. This is one.
Posted by: Between the Devil And the Deep Blue Sea at October 26, 2006 01:51 PM
Gee Madmatt, where did all that testosterone come from? Everyone needs to be treated equally. Truly. I tell my children that too. I also tell my children that there are people "out there" with a perverted sense of what "love" is who want the State's holy blessing on their particular perversion. To me, that is asking to be MORE equal than others. --Ziobuck not buying it. Impeach the judicial activists!
Posted by: ziobuck at October 26, 2006 01:56 PM
get a life you pathetic homophobe
Posted by: will at October 26, 2006 01:56 PM
Ya know what's funny? This is probably the first and only time that liberal gay activists and the GOP were hoping for the same thing in a gay court decision.
A decision to allow gay marriage would have given fodder to every Republican across the country and rallied the base.
Not so much with this since Bush has said he favors this, as has McCain, as have countless other Republicans.
Posted by: danjr0802 at October 26, 2006 01:59 PM
It is not activism to find that state law does not comport with fundamental rights accorded in either the state or the US Constitution. Neither is the judicial upholding of that right activism when you disagree with it.
And it is not the slippery slope of legislation that is leading towards legalized gay marriage. It is the slippery slope of prior judicial decisions that reduces the power of the states to restrict heterosexual marriage. And yet I see no one arguing that states should be able to turn the clock back and re-enact anti-miscegenation statutes.
Finding that African-American school-children had the right to attend the same schools as white children certainly "polarized the electorate", but in hindsight is arguably the only just course of action. The fear that anti-gay marriage activists will come howling out of the wood work may be something that court has to consider, unfortunately. But that alone is not a good enough reason to deny someone their fundamental right.
Lastly, I cannot understand those who say they support civil unions coming out against this decision. First of all, the NJ Court is not mandating that gay marriage be made legal. Second, to me, the distinction between civil unions and marriage is one without a difference. Both accord the same legal rights, which is really all anyone is talking about. How can you support one without the other? Is marriage truly to be reserved only for heterosexuals, so that we may marry overnight in Las Vegas, end half of our marriages in divorce, and neglect the children produced by those marriages?
Posted by: Xanthippas at October 26, 2006 02:07 PM
Let's try to keep the conversation civil, OK guys. I do not like to ban anyone or censor comments, but I will do it in a heartbeat if anyone becomes personally abusive. We can't discuss ideas if people are hurling brickbats.
This is a controversial issue. I have gay readers, as well as friends, who are unbelievably dear to me and I have readers who believe homosexuality is wrong.
I am not going to reconcile those two positions in this life or the next, but let's try not to insult each other, OK?
Posted by: Between the Devil And the Deep Blue Sea at October 26, 2006 02:09 PM
Xanthippas, I am not entirely sure I 'came out' (love the choice of words :) against the decision. I would have to have read it in its entirety - something I haven't had a chance to do - and had far more time than I've had yet, to do that.
I am extremely leary of any state finding a constitutional basis for opposing either gay marriage or civil unions because I have yet to be convinced that any state constitution addressed the issue of marriage.
It's that simple.
I believe marriage is an issue which properly lies within the purview of state legislatures, and therefore the courts have no business constitutionalizing it - they are engaged in a false business of rights creation by construing into the state constitution a 'right' to marriage which simply does not exist.
Period. I suspect that in this case, by flat out telling the legislature that they HAVE to create an equal status civil union structure for gays, though that might be the end I personally think is equitable, is judicial overreaching since the state Constitution does not address the issue of marriage - that is for the legislature to decide, not the Court. IOW, right result, wrong process.
But again, I have not read the entire opinion. Either way I am flat out against calling it marriage as I think it is something new, and furthermore I think the Court is DEAD wrong in telling the legislature that, if I understand it, it must grant EQUAL rights to gay couples. This is a 'legislature-stripping' measure that is, in effect, telling the state congress how to make laws - an attempt to wrest from the people their power to debate public policy.
And I think that's wrong.
Posted by: Between the Devil And the Deep Blue Sea at October 26, 2006 02:18 PM
[[I don't have a problem with anyone, in any state, doing whatever the heck they want to. I just want to see this go through the democratic process rather than being imposed by judicial fiat.]]
That's absolutely correct regarding policy decisions ... and absolutely wrong regarding fundamental rights.
Irrespective of how one feels about gay marriage, the Constitution (as amended) exists primarily to protect the rights of the People from abridgement by their government. When you hear the term "tyranny of the majority," that's what's being discussed: use of the legislative process to deny some Americans rights afforded others, for no good reason.
One such right is the right to equal treatment from that government, absent relevant distinctions between people, as spelled out in the equal-protection clause of the 14th Amendment.
To repeat: We don't put *rights* up to a vote. The NJ Supreme Court was doing no more and no less than its duty in this case.
Now, what's the most constitutionally appropriate solution?
It's the one offered by commenter Robert Lewis above: Get the state out of the marriage business, which will bring it into compliance with the establishment clause of the First Amendment AND the 14th Amendment's equal-protection clause, by granting civil unions to all who wish them, while allowing religions to marry, or to refuse to marry, whomever they want, thus continuing to respect the free-exercise clause of the First Amendment.
Posted by: Lex at October 26, 2006 02:29 PM
Cassandra:
My apologies to you for comments made above that evoked a shrill response from one of your readers. Man, sometimes in my old age I forget to be PC as I write/think. It's just that I really do have a "life", with great KIDS, and a loving wife. I'm not afraid of hetero-phobes. I want them to experience life to the fullest. They can't do that if they are too darn lazy to face the true challenges of trying to get along and live with the opposite sex. That struggle, with God's blessings, makes life worth living.
Posted by: ziobuck at October 26, 2006 02:36 PM
At one time, people thought interracial marraige was perverted and quite a few southern states had laws on the books outlawing it.
Now I am not saying that sexuality and race are the same thing. However, people have reacted to them the same: Opening up their bibles and finding scriptures that support one's feeling of repulsion at said ethnicity/sexual preference. I certainly do not knock anyone for having strong religous beliefs, and sharing those beliefs with their families. However, your religious beliefs don't always jibe with the Constitution of the United States. Unfortunately, the bible sanctions all manner of things that the Constitution of the United States does not. We cannot own slaves, though the old testament clearly says that that is an okay thing, as long as you treat them nicely. We aren't condemned to death for eating seafood or hanging out in the same house as someone who is on their period, though Leviticus lays down those laws.
The second point is that one of the reasons the Constitution of the United States is so ingenious is that it protects the rights of EVERY AMERICAN no matter what the prevailing opinion of certain sectors of Americans might be. The Constitution protects us from mob rule. We have had a majority of Americans in favor of all manner of stupidity. Luckily we have a Constitution and a branch whose job it is to weigh our stupid (but usually wildly popular) legislation against the Constitution.
Posted by: Lisa at October 26, 2006 02:47 PM
So now the voters of NJ need to craft a constitutional amendment that outlaws "whatever it is".
Can a constitutional amendment be unconstituional? :)
Posted by: Tony at October 26, 2006 02:56 PM
They would have to craft a constitutional amendment for the Constitution of the United States. Not just for their state constitution. And then they need to get, what is it, 2/3 of the other states to ratify it (after it moves through congress and the white house). It has been done for more inane things, like prohibition. A constitutional amendment is quite constitutional, indeed!!
Posted by: Lisa at October 26, 2006 02:59 PM
Lisa, you're right.
You are conflating two unrelated things - religion and the issue of same sex marriage.
They are not the same. There is some overlap, however they are not the same. Atheists can (and do) oppose same sex marriage and homosexuality. People of faith can (and do) accept homosexuality. And there are all flavors in between.
So let's let that one go and just deal with the issue of same sex marriage - there is enough controversy there without throwing more gasoline (much less unneeded gas) onto that particular fire. Yes the Bible said you could own slaves too, but atheists could (and did) defend slavery and it was God-fearing Christians, citing age-old Judeo-Christian principles, who founded the Abolition movement and ended slavery. End of story.
Your arguments are interesting, but they are also off point.
The point is simple: the Constitution lays out, quite clearly, the process for making law in this country.
A certain (and quite small) set of enumerated rights flow from the Constitution.
No one can take those rights away.
Congress and the State legislatures may, however, add to those rights. Marriage is one of the rights which is NOT enumerated in the state OR federal Constitutions. It was added by STATE legislatures. Marriage has ALWAYS been a matter of state law.
You all are falsely conflating matters that do not belong in the Constitutional arena, because you desire to engineer a particular social end quickly. But that is not LAW. That is social engineering, and judicial activism.
The Constitution protects you from mob rule only where it specifically says it protects you from mob rule. Where it is silent, it is up to the federal and state legislatures to protect you.
If We the People desire our federal or state Constitutions to confer upon us a new Constitutional right, we may create one for ourselves. But we do that by amending the Constitution, not by allowing unelected judges to infer rights into a document that neither the original drafters placed there (and are thus unratified) nor the People subsequently explicitly
moved to create.
That is not democracy.
Posted by: Between the Devil And the Deep Blue Sea at October 26, 2006 03:04 PM
One such right is the right to equal treatment from that government, absent relevant distinctions between people, as spelled out in the equal-protection clause of the 14th Amendment.
But currently, homosexuals have the same right to marry someone of the opposite sex that I do. I don't believe it's my problem that they don't prefer to.
But I do have to admit one thing. With marriage the way it is now, with unilateral no fault divorce, is it any wonder gay people want to get in on it?
Once was a time when marriage, as most widely defined by society, was good for society. I don't believe that marriage as it is defined now, holds those same benefits.
So how about this, we give homosexuals exactly the same benefits as what are currently defined by our sucky marriage statutes, and we creat a new and improved (old) definition of marriage that is harder to get out of than a car lease. That supports the stable home and encourages couples to produce more children and nurture them for the next generation.
We give those who choose covenant marriage more benefits and help than for the other definition of marriage.
So we "civil union" everyone and save marriage for those who plan to act like they are married for as long as they both shall live (with huge penalties for the at fault partner in a breakup).
Posted by: Tony at October 26, 2006 03:05 PM
And Tony, yes, that is one way the people of NJ could solve this problem.
They could amend the constitution to explicitly have it say that marriage is a right protected by the Constitution. Then the legislature could never pass a law which diminished those rights.
Or, they can simply direct their legislators to do the same thing at the state level, which leaves them freer to change the laws over time, but more vulnerable if (though this is unlikely) a shift in popular opinion causes some titanic change and snake-handling Red Staters bent on harshing the collective mellows of the rainbow collective are ever in the majority and are able to reverse the law.
Of course this would be democracy, but that is what the people of New Jersey need to decide: is same sex a fundamental right so important it belongs at the level of enumerated rights in the Constitution that can never be overturned except by a direct state-wide referendum (pretty damned hard to do?)
OR:
Do they want to leave themselves more free to change and do it at the level of the state legislature?
Posted by: Between the Devil And the Deep Blue Sea at October 26, 2006 03:17 PM
Tony, to paraphrase Harris Telemacher, ordinarily, I don't like to be around interesting people because it means I have to be interesting too.
Cut that out :)
Posted by: Between the Devil And the Deep Blue Sea at October 26, 2006 03:22 PM
b/t the devil and the deep blue sea,
actually marriage is a fundamental right under the US Constitution: Loving v. VA, which outlawed miscegenation (sp?) laws. the Court stated that everyone is entitled to marry the person they chose. (it wasn't quite that broad in language but that was the idea when written). since, then the US S.Ct. has upheld the rights of prisoners to marry because marriage is a fundamental right that states cannot unduly impede. therefore, your argument that this has always been a matter of state law is not completely correct.
i live in nj and i am proud that our judges understand that their job is to protect the minority from the tyranny of the majority. because to me this issue is not about whether or not gays can marry, it's about whether or not my liberty can be infringed upon by people who don't like me.
if judges had taken the viewpoint conservatives want on this issue when desegregation was the hot button, schools in the south would still be segregated because the legislative will of the people would have ruled. is there any conservative that would argue that desegregation was not the correct decision, in spite of opposition from the majority of white southerners?
courts occupy an important role in our government. they make sure that laws do not conflict with rights. so, the question is: is marriage a law or a right? (which is really me making your original point, in a way)
PS: i like that fact that people over here can discuss this without calling names. i was at another conservative site earlier and it was disgusting all the hostility.
i tried to fix this but couldn't. sorry it looks this way.
Posted by: meela at October 26, 2006 04:56 PM
BtDatDBS: "A certain (and quite small) set of enumerated rights flow from the Constitution."
That's what they all say. And while technically correct, it's quite misleading, inasmuch as Amendments 9 and 10 make quite clear that Americans' rights extend far beyond those enumerated in the Constitution:
"The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people."
"The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people."
That ain't social engineering. That is constitutional smackdown.
Posted by: Lex at October 26, 2006 05:24 PM
Meela (this is still me, Cass, by the way) I have a disturbing propensity to change monikers when I'm messing around on other sites. I'll stay with my real 'name' from now on :)
Actually Loving vs. VA did outlaw miscegenation, but again you are extending that farther than what the court actually said.
The Court did not hold that gay marriage was a fundamental right in Loving vs. VA.
It held that RACE (not sex) could not be used by the states to prohibit marriage to two people.
As Lisa (I believe) so aptly stated, race is not sex. Two entirely different things, and wanting them to be the same does not make them so, no matter how much we might want that to be the case (or not, as one's individual political or religious beliefs may dictate).
Again, it is my sincere belief that although we might believe a thing is right, though we might in our hearts want it to come to pass, what the law says is that there is a proper way to cause that to happen, and that is this: you must either find it in the law, or convince enough of your fellow citizens that the law must be changed.
Now you can do this in any number of ways:
1. By amending the constitution, if you wish to establish a permanent right that cannot be taken away except by constitutional amendment, which is pretty hard to do and requires serious, deliberate effort, or
2. By passing a law. Still hard to do, but more susceptible to the ebb and flow of popular opinion and the inevitable learning curve we humans must endure as we bumble through life. I like this better because it allows us the freedom to make incremental changes and adjust as we go. It allows us to learn from our mistakes. But it is slow.
Anything else is NOT the rule of law, but allowing nine unelected and unaccountable people to 'make it up as they go along'. You may like the result, but that is NOT what the law says as it currently stands.
Real democracy is messy. It takes *time*. It requires us to get our hands dirty and fight to make sure the right thing happens. And what really, really disturbs me sometimes about the liberal way of looking at things, (and I used to be a liberal) is that you guys keep wanting to take short cuts. But that does violence to the system and prevents us from thrashing these things out for ourselves. We don't learn from the process.
We sit at home and let others do our thinking for us. We don't fully participate in our own government, and so it grows like topsy turvy and we become ever more disconnected from those who govern in our names.
Posted by: Princess Leia in a Cheese Danish Bikini at October 26, 2006 05:29 PM
Lex, you just proved my point. All that clause says is that the rights enumerated in the C aren't the ONLY ones you have.
A right either comes from the Constitution or from somewhere else. Marriage doesn't come from the Constitution. It comes from state laws.
*sigh*
Posted by: Princess Leia in a Cheese Danish Bikini at October 26, 2006 05:33 PM
Oh crap. Those last two comments were me.
I thought I had the right 'name' in the comments field this time. Looooooong day!
Posted by: Cassandra at October 26, 2006 05:35 PM
I meant to write a post last week on the Constitution, suggesting that we really ought to have a Constitutional Convention about every 50 years or so.
Conservatives get our Hanes UltraSheers all in a wad over the liberal idea of a Living, Breathing Constitution, because we want the words in that document to mean something. I think that if we actually reviewed what it said every 50 years and had a national referendum on parts of it, we might be more tempted to actually adhere more closely to the plain meaning - we might treat it with more reverence b/c it would be "our" document in the real sense - a truly living document, but living because WE ARE INTENTIONALLY AMENDING IT, NOT BECAUSE NINE UNELECTED DUDES AND DUDETTES keep conjuring rights into it out of a few Camembert crumbs and some leftover pages of Jacques Derrida's last book... :D
Posted by: Cassandra at October 26, 2006 05:41 PM
Cass,
the Court said "marriage", not heterosexual marriage. your comment about gay marriage not being a fundamental right is my problem with the conservative position on this issue. you are nit-picking and spliting hairs about our rights in order to not grant that right to a particular group of people.
Loving v. VA deals with marriage and mandates that states must have a compelling state interest to intrude in that area. i need one anti-gay person to explain the compelling GOVERNMENT interest against gay marriage? it will grant recognition to gay families and allow them to have the same rights and privileges as hetero marriages. it will provide them financial stability because they won't have to make sure that the contracts they write include every possible variation on things that could happen. it will ensure that gay parents don't both have to adopt their own children to protect the non-biological parent's right to his/her own kid. in short, it strengthens families. why is this such a problem?
every time i hear an argument against gay marriage it ultimately ends up being about religious views and God. church and state are separate in this country, therefore i need a non-religious reason why gay marriage is the end of society. and i am really not trying to be an asshole, i just want someone to explain without using the word God once.
Posted by: meela at October 26, 2006 05:47 PM
above should read anti-gay marriage...oops:)
Posted by: meela at October 26, 2006 05:49 PM
Meela:
I think you're assuming a few facts not in evidence here :)
1. That necessarily conservatives are anti-gay, or even anti-gay-marriage. Wrong. Some are, but for me this is an argument about means, not ends. And at any rate it was always that because we live in a democratic republic, and unless we do what y'all are advocating (let judges make law) the people will decide. And the tide of popular opinion, just as with abortion, is turning towards allowing this. That is what drives me nuts about your position: persuade the people of the rightness of your position. Don't impose it by fiat. This is democracy. This is freedom. It's a good thing.
2. There are public policy reasons some people argue that allowing gay marriage will 'devalue' marriage. I am not sure I want to advance that argument, but I know you know them. Here's one, and it's valid even if you don't like it. It is the slippery slope.
If you allow the courts to usurp the traditional power of the state legislatures to define marriage, then you have set a precedent. Once that happens, that case is cited as precedent for future usurpations (you can't deny my "right" to marry x, y, z because you did it back then, citing this "right" which didn't exist until the court "found" it in the constitution). Now it can be between a man and a dolphin (some wacky tart just married a dolphin, so don't tell me this can't happen!). Or a man and six women.
The state legislatures (otherwise known as the People) lose the right to protect a mother against a man who wants to lessen her marital rights when she married him and thought she would be the only one, for instance. And children are impacted. And because of reciprocity and the fact that state court decisions are cited as persuasive authority in other states, they reach beyond the borders of their own state.
And for those who say "that won't happen", look at meena's argument - she thinks Loving (which no matter what she says, did NOT argue that race is sex for the purposes of marriage) effectively wrote gay marriage into the Constitution. Slippery slope reasoning in action, and people have been trying to make that case for decades. So far though, it hasn't been upheld.
Again, not an argument I want to defend here because it's a distraction, but that's one :)
2. Personally, I think there are very valid public policy interests for society in supporting monogamous gay relationships. I don't want to call that "marriage" because I think it is something new and deserves its own name and special status. You don't call a dog a cat or a horse an elephant. But I am OK with calling it civil union, and I don't much care if state legislatures confer the same benefits on gay couples. I am not going to come into your house and peer through your window - to me that is your business.
To me, that is democracy.
The ONLY thing I care about, is that these decisions be put through the wringer of public debate. I think that is SO important, meena.
Yes, it's harder.
Yes, it will take longer.
But I think it will be better for gays in the long run. I think the world will be a better place. I think we will accept the changes more easily if they are not foisted on us, but we participate in them.
I think it will be better for gay community too, because they need to participate in the debate too.
You can't wave a wand and overnight change society. Lasting change must be organic.
Posted by: Cassandra at October 26, 2006 06:39 PM
Sorry camo ... I'm going to marry Deb and we're going to sail away into the sunset on her wonderful sailboat :D
Posted by: Between the Devil And the Deep Blue Sea at October 26, 2006 11:27 AM
Please tell me more about this "wonderful sailboat". After all, I am just a lesbian trapped in a man's body.
(And such a man!)
But seriously, as someone already pointed out, gay people are just as free to get married as straight people...to somebody of the opposite sex. In fact, when I was in the military there were quite a few people who did just that, then went their separate ways and got to live off post with their "partners". I love it (NOT!!!) when people throw that term "homophobe" out there when someone disapproves of deviancy. A phobia is a fear; one does not have to fear a thing to disapprove of same. Some may bristle at my calling homosexuality deviant. But because gay people are a minority, their lifestyle deviates from the norm, by definition. There is a small but highly vocal minority of people who wish to cause the world at large to recognize their "choice" as just another "alternative", no different from a preference for strawberry ice cream over butter pecan. The reality is, leaving ethics, morals, religious teachings, etc. out of the equation...biology alone dictates that such behavior is abnormal. A purely homosexual species would quickly die off. No, the principal reason these folks want to call it marriage is to give it some type of legal legitimacy. Which is something the majority would probably never do, given the option.
For the record: I don't hate homosexuals, I know a number of very nice ones. I simply disapprove of their "choice"...but that's a whole 'nother topic.
Posted by: camojack at October 26, 2006 08:04 PM
Are you saying that they made up that equal protection clause? Those bastards!
=
Posted by: jri at October 26, 2006 08:12 PM
Please tell me more about this "wonderful sailboat". After all, I am just a lesbian trapped in a man's body.
(And such a man!)
I saw a Star Trek Episode about this very thing!
I think the transporter was out of whack.
Posted by: Cricket at October 26, 2006 08:22 PM
Mein Gott im Himmell.
Has anyone seen Carrie today? Mommy...I'm scared.
Posted by: Cassandra at October 26, 2006 08:39 PM
Where is the Professym when we need hym? I ducked out on my last class in Kama Sutra studies at the Institute and now my chakras are feeling distinctly out of whack.
Posted by: Princess Leia in a Cheese Danish Bikini at October 26, 2006 08:42 PM
To Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea:
Your point is well taken. One does not have much to do with the other, alas. Religious feelings are one thing but you are correct, they have nothing to do with the issue that the host of this blog put forth: Is what the courts are deciding in line with the constitution? Should they even be involved in deciding what is constitutional in this matter? She says no on both counts.
I strongly disagree with the idea that this is judicial fiat, but the blog post and comments have really put forth some compelling arguments (and you write so well it really distracts me from being angry and outraged like I should be).
I will have to stand on the idea that the right of two CONSENTING ADULTS to form a union is not up for negotiation or the approval of the masses. Maybe I am wrong. I realize we put limits on marraige even now - we don't allow brother and sister to marry even if they are consenting adults. And yes, we could pass a constitutional amendment that would codify heterosexual marraige in law. But I think it would be a mistake. We can have really good reasons to deny someone equal rights - and we can even get away with it for a very long time. But in the end, it is against what this country stands for.
Posted by: Lisa at October 26, 2006 09:43 PM
In a perfect world, Lisa, I would agree with you.
But this isn't a perfect world, sadly. And I guess I see government as a social contract where we give up some of our rights in exchange for having some other rights protected by the polity. So if we want that to happen, we need to get the polity to agree with us - we need some degree of consensus. We can't ram our opinions - right or wrong - down their throats or that social contract becomes null and void.
I fear - I really do - that in our increasingly fractured and heterogenous society, we are straining the social fabric by trying to ram things down the throats of the polity in the name of equity without first trying to establish consensus as to the essential rightness of what we are doing.
I was talking to my daughter in law about this over dinner and she said, "Would you vote for a constitutional amendment for gay marriage?"
I really had to stop and think. I was surprised that I did not know the answer. At the federal level? No. Because I truly don't see this as a federal question. I think it should be left to the states, but then I am a federalist so that is not surprising. I wouldn't vote for a constitutional amendment *for* heterosexual marriage either, for that matter. Marriage, IMO, does not belong in the constitution. Period. It is a matter of state law.
At the state level? Perhaps I might. I honestly don't know. Something in me shrinks from constitutionalizing such a matter, but I am not irretrievably opposed to it, not at all. I would have to listen to the arguments and think about them carefully.
Posted by: Cass at October 26, 2006 10:06 PM
Please tell me more about this "wonderful sailboat". After all, I am just a lesbian trapped in a man's body.
(And such a man!)
I saw a Star Trek Episode about this very thing!
I think the transporter was out of whack.
Posted by: Cricket at October 26, 2006 08:22 PM
The very last episode of the original series to be aired: "Turnabout Intruder". I cite that one whenever someone says Shatner can't act; his portrayal of the proverbial "woman scorned" having a hissy fit while inhabiting Captain Kirk's body was masterful...the rest of his hammy emoting notwithstanding.
Posted by: camojack at October 27, 2006 01:35 AM
I often think that William Shatner is an unrecognized comic genius. His video performance of Elton John's "Rocketman" is one of the funniest things I think I have ever seen in my entire life.
Posted by: Cass at October 27, 2006 06:02 AM
I'm not so sure the comedic aspects of Bill Shatner's singing is intentional...
Posted by: camojack at October 27, 2006 07:08 AM
Oh I am. He was making fun of himself. The guy has an incredibly dry wit, but then many Canadians do.
Posted by: Cass at October 27, 2006 07:21 AM
Oh...you..guys! You need to watch 'Over The Hedge.' Talk about hysterical. Shatner actually did a terrific job giving voice to a possum. He parodied himself...and I can't give it away because it is just too funny.
And in an odd sort of way, the CG of the possum character even LOOKED like him. Absolutely brilliant.
Posted by: Cricket at October 27, 2006 08:09 AM
Nobody could have foreseen that allowing gays to marry in Massachusetts would have no noticeable effect on the rest of the population.
Posted by: Robert at October 27, 2006 03:49 PM
Let's put slavery to a vote too!
Posted by: Robert at October 27, 2006 03:53 PM
That's a false analogy since the ban on slavery was constitutionalized by AMENDING THE CONSTITUTION: THE EXACT LAWFUL PROCESS I HAVE BEEN TALKING ABOUT FOR THIS ENTIRE POST. And the states did indeed "put it to a vote" when they ratified the 13th amendment.
Wow. The process works, and you don't even need courts to legislate from the bench! Imagine that!
Pull out a history book there, big guy!
Posted by: Cass at October 27, 2006 04:02 PM
I've always thought the amendment process was the right one for resolving gay marriage as an issue. It seems to me that, while the People delegated the State some authority to handle the paperwork around marriage, they never delegated the right to define marriage. The institution of marriage predates the Republic.
As such, the state ought to have to ask for new authority if it wants to redefine marriage. The way to ask for new authority is through the amendment process.
Posted by: Grim at October 27, 2006 04:26 PM
I always thought the appropriate place to resolve this was the legislature for the exact same reason you thought it belonged to the courts, Grim.
Marriage predates the Republic, It was and is a societal concept. Marriage has changed definitions before (from political/arranged to choice/love), but each change has been because society wanted it changed.
The societal branch of the gov't is the legislature, not the courts.
Posted by: Masked Menace© at October 27, 2006 05:44 PM
It's hard. A marriage is (after all) only an agreement between a couple.
As such, what does it matter what society thinks?
Except it does, when you are asking society to recognize your union and treat you differently than it would treat you if you were two individuals. Then, you DO have to get society to agree that you are, in fact, a couple upon which it wishes to confer "marital" rights.
So where do you go to get that "permission"?
The courts? How can you ask unelected persons whether society at large considers you "married"?
The legislature. They speak for We the People. They say, "Yes, you are the class of people upon which We the People will grant certain rights and privileges thereunto appurtaining".
The fact is, you love each other and are a couple whether or not society blesses your union. You can "marry" your freaking dog if you want and live happily ever after. But if you want society at large to give you things, you have to get society at large to agree that your union does, in fact, meet the criteria for being the type of union it wishes to grant those privileges TO.
Posted by: Cass at October 27, 2006 05:57 PM
And by privileges I'm talking about things like tax credits, insurance status, right of survivorship, etc.
There are tangible benefits to being married vs. being single, and this is one reason people wish to marry. There are others.
Posted by: Cass at October 27, 2006 06:00 PM
Cass, you're making me blush.
Meela said: the Court said "marriage", not heterosexual marriage.
This is a common statement made by the gay marriage advocates. Marriage has since time began meant the joining of one man and one woman. Oh, you have had polygamy, but that is just a number of those unions.
Claiming that a gay relationship is a marriage, is like claiming a banana is a .357 magnum. And having a judge, even a supreme court judge insist that a banana is a firearm doesn't change the reality. If you pointed a banana at me and said "stick 'em up", I'd fall to the ground laughing.
I get somewhat the same reaction when I hear gays tell me they are married to each other.
But now judges are calling bananas "firearms", and it's not quite so funny anymore. We in a situation of having to enumerate it for them with a constitutional amendment that should not be required.
"Silly judges, guns are guns and bananas are bananas. Please try to keep them straight."
Posted by: Tony at October 27, 2006 07:15 PM
Cass said: But if you want society at large to give you things, you have to get society at large to agree that your union does, in fact, meet the criteria for being the type of union it wishes to grant those privileges TO.
One thing we've gotten away from is the concept of associated responsibilities with rights. Was a time society said: "We will give you these benefits, and in return, you will produce the next generation of citizens, you will raise them in a stable home and teach them how to be good productive members of society."
Now gays are saying: "They get this stuff, we want it! It's unfair!!!". Well, gays are not capable without medical intervention to live up to the responsibilities that those rights were predicated on.
There is no compelling societal reason to extend those benefits to gays.
Posted by: Tony at October 27, 2006 08:16 PM
Let me follow up my own comment with: "...and with the advent of widespread contraception and abortion, there is no compelling reason to extend those benefits to straights either".
Posted by: Tony at October 27, 2006 08:18 PM
What I said, MM and Cass, is that the amendment process is the right way.
The legislature isn't good enough. At least, no single legislature is. The amendment process is how the government comes back to us and asks for new authority. Congress proposes and, if they manage a supermajority in both houses, sends it to the states. The states then have, also by supermajority, to ratify the idea.
That's how it's supposed to work. That's how the whole People consider the question, and decide to grant the government a sweeping new power of this sort.
Is 'gay marriage' at the point that it could pass that standard? Of course not.
So we're just gonna do it this other way... well, we'll call it just as good.
Posted by: Grim at October 28, 2006 06:34 PM
There's no rights creation: it's the extension of a pre-existing general rule to a novel case. (here, the law can't discriminate without good reason)
The states then have, also by supermajority, to ratify the idea.
That already happened. It's the 14th Amendment (and its state corollaries)
Posted by: jpe at October 28, 2006 10:41 PM